Typical training airplanes

There are a lot of different types of airplanes in the world, varying by weight, by number and type of engines, by fuselage construction, by load capacity, and by lot of other features. 

but most  interesting for us for now will be popular aircraft in the aviation schools in Europe and US – Cessna 152 and Piper 28:

Cessna 152

Cessna 152 is just 750 Kg (1,670 lbs.) of MTOW, has one reciprocal piston engine, with fixed pitch propeller, fixed undercarriage, 2-seats for pilots, operated in relevantly low speeds (< 110 Knot), very friendly in steering, tolerant to mistakes in controlling, has good side siew because of high-wing. Basic training aircraft – Good choice for PPL students:

• 750 Kg (1,670 lbs.) of MTOW
• 2 seats
• One reciprocal piston engine
• Fixed pitch propeller
• Fixed undercarriage
• Operated in relevantly low speeds (< 100 Knot)
• Light and reliable
• Very easy in flying
• Low-cost training

Cessna 172

Most suitable for gaining experience after getting PPL license:

• One reciprocal piston engine
• Fixed or variable pitch propeller
• Fixed or retractable undercarriage
• Operated in average speeds (< 110 Knot)
• 4 seats 
• Still easy in flying
• Brings more skills in flying

Piper PA-28

Most suitable for developing experience after getting PPL license:

• One reciprocal piston engine
• Fixed or variable pitch propeller
• Operated in relevantly high airspeeds ( < 130 Knot)
• 4 seats 
• Requires adequate flying skills
• Good for IFR trainings (if equipped)